Qhov hluav taws xob sib zog yog qhov yooj yim, kev siv hluav taws xob siv feem ntau rauTsim ib qho tshwj xeeb, qis dua cov zis voltage (vout) los ntawm cov tswv yim tshiab voltage (vin). Nws yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv hluav taws xob.
Ntawm no yog kev sib tawg ntawm nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov ntawv thov:
Scalering down voltages:Qhov no yog nws cov tub ntxhais muaj nuj nqi . nws siv lub voltage ntau dua thiab tawm cov kev paub tseeb ntawm nws.
Piv txwv li:Hloov mus rau 12v roj teeb lub teeb liab mus rau 5V rau lub tswv yim logic, lossis hloov pauv 5}} 3v rau microcontroller.
Lub cim teeb liab qib shifting:Cov teeb tsa paib hluav taws xob voltage ntawm cov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hluav taws xob lossis nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom sib txawv {}}
Piv txwv li:Interfacing ib qho tsim nyog tsim rau 5V kev ua haujlwm nrog lub microcontroller uas sau rau ntawm 3. 3V logic.
Tsim Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob:Muab ib qho ruaj khov, tshwj xeeb voltage point rau lwm lub voj voog kom siv raws li kev siv .
Piv txwv li:Teeb tsa bias voltage rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub transistor lossis cov tsis tau nkag siab ntawm ib qho op-amp.
Sensor ntsuas (potentiometers):Ntau sensors (zoo li lub potentiometers, tus nab, lub teeb-nyeem cov resistors - ldrs, flex sensors, qee qhov ntsuas siab) ua haujlwm los ntawmhloov lawv txoj kev tiv tausHauv kev teb rau lub cev kom muaj nuj nqis .
Yuav ua li cas:Lub sensor yog siv los ua ib qho resistor (R2) hauv kev sib txawv (VIN) ntsuas los ntawm ADC (analog-rau-digerter) hauv microcontroller {}}
Piv txwv li:Lub ntim ntim ntawm lub xov tooj cua qub yog feem ntau siv cov potentiometer siv los ua qhov hluav taws xob .
Kev ntseeg cov nquag Cheebtsam:Teeb tsa qhov tseeb DC kev ua haujlwm raug (quiescent) rau cov transistors lossis ua haujlwm ua haujlwm .
Attenuation:Txo cov amplitude ntawm ib lub cim taw tes (zoo li cov cim ntsuas hluav taws xob lossis xov tooj cua
Cov mis tseem ceeb:
Cov zis voltage (vout) ntawm ib qho yooj yim ob-resistor voltage divider yog txiav txim los ntawm:
Vout=vin * (R2 / (R 1 + r2))
Qhov twg:
Vin yog cov tswv yim voltage .
R1 yog qhov tsis kam ntawm thawj lub resistor (txuas nrog Vin thiab Vout) .
R2 yog qhov tsis kam ntawm tus existor thib ob (txuas nrog vout thiab av) .
